SEED Research Findings

At a glance

Researchers working on the Study to Explore Early Development (SEED) have published many studies reporting on important findings related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Magnifying glass icon with gradient background

Methods and descriptions of the SEED study sample

SEED investigators have prepared several reports detailing the study methods and describing the children enrolled in the SEED sample. These reports provide foundational information about SEED for other researchers, policymakers, and clinicians.

  • Rubenstein E, Croen L, Lee LC, et al. Res Autism Spectr Disord. 2019;66:101410.
  • Schieve LA, Harris S, Maenner MJ, Alexander A, Dowling NF. Emerg Themes Epidemiol. 2018;15:12. Published 2018 Aug 16.
  • Bradley CB, Browne EN, Alexander AA, et al. Am J Epidemiol. 2018;187(3):592-603.
  • DiGuiseppi CG, Daniels JL, Fallin DM, et al. Disabil Health J. 2016;9(3):544-551.
  • Wiggins LD, Levy SE, Daniels J, et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2015;45(10):3183-3194.
  • Wiggins LD, Reynolds A, Rice CE, et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2015;45(5):1271-1280.
  • Schendel DE, Diguiseppi C, Croen LA, et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2012;42(10):2121-2140.

Exploring risk factors for ASD and other developmental disabilities

  • Ames JL, Ladd-Acosta C, Fallin MD, et al. Biol Psychiatry. 2021;90(4):253-262.
  • Windham GC, Anderson M, Lyall K, et al. Autism Res. 2019;12(2):316-327.
  • Croen LA, Qian Y, Ashwood P, et al. Autism Res. 2019;12(10):1551-1561.
  • Cordero C, Schieve LA, Croen LA, et al. J Perinatol. 2020;40(2):219-225.
  • McGuinn LA, Windham GC, Kalkbrenner AE, et al. Epidemiology. 2020;31(1):103-114.
  • McGuinn LA, Windham GC, Messer LC, et al. Environ Epidemiol. 2019;3(5):e067.
  • Soke GN, Maenner M, Windham G, et al. Autism Res. 2019;12(5):816-829.
  • Cordero C, Windham GC, Schieve LA, et al. Autism Res. 2019;12(6):967-975.
  • Windham GC, Anderson M, Lyall K, et al. Autism Res. 2019;12(2):316-327.
  • Rubenstein E, Young JC, Croen LA, et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2019;49(1):376-382. [published correction appears in J Autism Dev Disord. 2018 Sep 20;:].
  • Croen LA, Qian Y, Ashwood P, et al. Autism Res. 2019;12(1):123-135.
  • Andrews SV, Sheppard B, Windham GC, et al. Mol Autism. 2018;9:40. Published 2018 Jun 28.
  • Schieve LA, Tian L, Dowling N, et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2018;48(7):2379-2395.
  • Schieve LA, Tian LH, Drews-Botsch C, et al. Autism Res. 2018;11(1):81-94.
  • Singer AB, Aylsworth AS, Cordero C, et al. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2017;31(6):573-582.
  • Schieve LA, Drews-Botsch C, Harris S, et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2017;47(12):3994-4005.
  • Mitra I, Tsang K, Ladd-Acosta C, et al. PLoS Genet. 2016;12(11):e1006425. Published 2016 Nov 15. [published correction appears in PLoS Genet. 2017 Jun 7;13(6):e1006831].
  • Ladd-Acosta C, Shu C, Lee BK, et al. Environ Res. 2016;144(Pt A):139-148.
  • Singer AB, Windham GC, Croen LA, et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2016;46(11):3458-3468.

Health and behavior characteristics of children with ASD and other developmental disabilities

  • Wiggins LD, Nadler C, Rosenberg S, et al. J Pediatr. 2021;232:264-271.
  • Reynolds AM, Soke GN, Sabourin KR, et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2021;51(11):3806-3817.
  • Fields VL, Soke GN, Reynolds A, et al. Pediatrics. 2021;147(2):e20200462.
  • Tian LH, Wiggins LD, Schieve LA, et al. Autism Res. 2020;13(7):1227-1238.
  • Reinhartsen DB, Tapia AL, Watson L, et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2019;49(6):2447-2460.
  • Wiggins LD, DiGuiseppi C, Schieve L, et al. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2020;41(4):251-257.
  • DiGuiseppi C, Sabourin KR, Levy SE, et al. Res Autism Spectr Disord. 2019;66:10.1016/j.rasd.2019.101413.
  • Kral TV, Chittams J, Bradley CB, et al. Autism. 2019;23(4):954-962.
  • Reynolds AM, Soke GN, Sabourin KR, et al. Pediatrics. 2019;143(3):e20180492.
  • Shapira SK, Tian LH, Aylsworth AS, et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2019;49(5):2184-2202.
  • Levy SE, Pinto-Martin JA, Bradley CB, et al. J Pediatr. 2019;205:202-209.
  • Sabourin KR, Reynolds A, Schendel D, et al. Autism Res. 2019;12(1):136-146.
  • Soke GN, Rosenberg SA, Rosenberg CR, Vasa RA, Lee LC, DiGuiseppi C. J Autism Dev Disord. 2018;48(7):2558-2566.
  • Rubenstein E, Wiggins LD, Schieve LA, et al. Autism. 2019;23(2):436-448.
  • Rubenstein E, Schieve L, Bradley C, et al. Autism Res. 2018;11(1):185-193.
  • DiGuiseppi C, Levy SE, Sabourin KR, et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2018;48(2):461-472.
  • Wiggins LD, Tian LH, Levy SE, et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2017;47(11):3634-3645.
  • Soke GN, Rosenberg SA, Rosenberg CR, Vasa RA, Lee LC, DiGuiseppi C. Autism. 2018;22(5):625-635.

Evaluation of clinical and laboratory methods using SEED data

In addition to research on ASD risk factors and on the developmental characteristics and health outcomes of children with ASD or other developmental disabilities, the wealth of data collected in SEED has allowed researchers to address critical gaps in our understanding of the performance of various ASD screening and assessment tools and to contribute to the development of genetic laboratory tests.

  • Barger B, Moody EJ, Ledbetter C, D'Abreu L, Hepburn S, Rosenberg SA. J Autism Dev Disord. 2019;49(5):1749-1762.
  • Levy SE, Rescorla LA, Chittams JL, et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2019;49(6):2348-2357.
  • Wiggins LD, Rice CE, Barger B, et al. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2019;54(6):693-701.
  • Singer AB, Daniele Fallin M, Burstyn I. Curr Environ Health Rep. 2018;5(3):338-350.
  • Rosenberg SA, Moody EJ, Lee LC, et al. Influence of family demographic factors on social communication questionnaire scores. Autism Res. 2018;11(5):695-706.
  • Rubenstein E, Edmondson Pretzel R, Windham GC, et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2017;47(10):3253-3266.
  • Moody EJ, Reyes N, Ledbetter C, et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2017;47(11):3550-3561.
  • Wiggins LD, Barger B, Moody E, Soke G, Pandey J, Levy S. J Autism Dev Disord. 2019;49(7):2999-3006.
  • Andrews SV, Ellis SE, Bakulski KM, et al. Nat Commun. 2017;8(1):1011. Published 2017 Oct 24.
  • Andrews SV, Ladd-Acosta C, Feinberg AP, Hansen KD, Fallin MD. Epigenetics Chromatin. 2016;9:56. Published 2016 Dec 7.
Print
Content Source:
National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities