At a glance
ACIP considers evidence for vaccine recommendations using an explicit evidence-based method based on the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach and the Evidence to Recommendations (EtR) framework.
About GRADE
These resources provide guidance and additional learning materials for using the GRADE approach.
- ACIP GRADE Handbook
The ACIP handbook for developing evidence-based recommendations provides guidance to the ACIP workgroups on how to use the GRADE approach for assessing the certainty of evidence.
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The GRADE working group page provides a comprehensive overview of the GRADE approach, including answers to frequently asked questions.
About Evidence to Recommendation
Key factors considered in development of recommendations include balance of benefits and harms, type or quality of evidence, values and preferences of the people affected, and health economic analyses.
- An Evidence to Recommendation (EtR) framework is used to summarize these key factors:
- Evidence tables are used to summarize the benefits and harms and the strengths and limitations of the body of evidence.
- Lee G, Carr W, ACIP Evidence-Based Recommendations Work Group. Updated Framework for Development of Evidence-Based Recommendations by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR. 2018;67(45):1271-2.
- ÐÇ¿ÕÓéÀÖ¹ÙÍø. New Framework (GRADE) for Development of Evidence-Based Recommendations by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR. 2012;61(18):327.
- Matysiak-Klose D, Ahmed F, Duclos P, Falck-Ytter Y, Forland F, Houweling H, et al. – Vaccine 2012;30(14):2399-404.
- Ahmed F, Temte JL, Campos-Outcalt D, Schünemann HJ, ACIP Evidence-Based Recommendations Work Group. – Vaccine 2011;29(49):9171-6.